a tő - tüske változat

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ṭħV̄́[t]ă
Meaning: awl; thorn
North Caucasian: *ṭħāta ~ *tħāṭa ( ~ -e)

Proto-North Caucasian: *ṭħāta ~ *tħāṭa ( ~ -e)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: thorn, a prickly weed
Proto-Nakh: *t(ɦ)ātV
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ṭVṭV-lV
Proto-Tsezian: *ṭɨṭV B
Proto-Lezghian: *ṭaṭa
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The laryngeal in cluster is reconstructed on basis of the PTs "B"-phonation.
Yenisseian: *duʔt

Proto-Yenisseian: *duʔt
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: awl
Ket: duʔt, pl. dutǝŋ5
Yug: duʔt, pl. dutɨŋ5
Kottish: tūt, pl. tūtn
Comments: ССЕ 224. Werner 1, 210.

Tungus-Manchu: *dēŋgu

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *dēŋgu
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 cross-bow 2 arrow
Russian meaning: 1 самострел 2 стрела
Ulcha: dēŋgure 1
Orok: dēŋgure 1
Nanai: dēŋgure 1
Oroch: deŋgu 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 234.
Japanese: *(d)inka

Proto-Japanese: *(d)inka
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: thorn, bur
Russian meaning: шип
Tokyo: igá
Kyoto: ìgâ
Kagoshima: íga
Comments: JLTT 421. The word is not attested in OJ, and the modern accentuation is controversial: Tokyo and Kagoshima point to *(d)ínkà, while Kyoto rather to *(d)ìnkâ.
Comments: Владимирцов 196. Mong. *ǯeɣü-ɣün must go back to *ǯiɣe-ɣü-n. {An alternative proposition: TM *dēŋgu could be compared with PJ *dùmì 'bow' < PA *dḕŋu; in that case the present root could be reconstructed as *ǯegi.}